Windows Authentication in .NET

Securing a web application consists of two steps :
1.)Authenticating the user accessing the page
2.)Authorizing the user to access the page

Authentication is a process of determining whether a user is the one who he claims to be. Typically this will be determined with the help of user id and password.
Authorization is a process in which you decide whether an authenticated user is allowed to access certain page or resource. For example, operators may not be allowed to view certain confidential financial information that managers can view.

ASP.NET offers various ways to authenticate and authorize users of your web site. They are :

Windows authentication
Forms authentication (cookie authentication)
Passport authentication

Windows Authentication
Windows authentication scheme uses traditional mechanisms of Basic, NTLM/Kerberose and Digest authentication. Here IIS uses the credentials of logged in user are used to authenticate web requests. In case integrated windows authentication is turned off a typical gray colored dialog pops up asking for user id and password.

Steps involved in implementing windows authentication and authorization
1.)Create a ASP.NET web application
2.)Modify web.config to set authentication mode to windows
3.)Modify web.config to deny access to anonymous users
4.)Authorize users based on their NT user groups (roles)